The high incidence of low sperm counts in young (European) men and evidence for declining sperm counts in recent decades mean that the environmental/lifestyle impact on spermatogenesis is an important health issue. This review assesses potential causes involving adverse effects on testis development in perinatal life (primarily effects on Spermiogenesis is the final stage of spermatogenesis, during which the spermatids develop into mature spermatozoa. At the beginning of the stage, the spermatid is a more or less circular cell containing a nucleus, Golgi apparatus, centriole and mitochondria; by the end of the process, it has radically transformed into an elongated spermatozoon Overall, our findings suggest that FGF-2 exerts a role in mammalian spermatogenesis and that the lack of FGF-2 leads to dysregulated sperm production and altered sperm morphology and function. FGF-2-deficient mice constitute a model for the study of the complex mechanisms underlying mammalian spermatogenesis." Define Spermatogenesis. The production of spermatozoa from spermatogonia. Briefly describe the process of spermatogenesis. Spermatogonia undergo mitosis and cell division to maintain stem cell populations. A primary spermatocyte will undergo Meiosis I becoming a secondary spermatocyte, and then Meiosis II becoming a spermatid which is haploid. Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are the most primitive spermatogonia in the testis and have an essential role to maintain highly productive spermatogenesis by self-renewal and continuous generation of daughter spermatogonia that differentiate into spermatozoa, transmitting genetic information to the next generation. Seminiferous Meaning. An important term in the title 'seminiferous tubule' is the word seminiferous, which means bearing a seed or producing sperm in the context of biology. This meaning gives a The entire process of human spermatogenesis can vary in length, but previous studies estimate it at 42–76 days . Mature spermatozoa are stored in the tail of the epididymis until the pelvic plexus receives sufficient sensory input from the hypogastric and pelvic nerves, in addition to the psychologically driven caudal paravertebral As mentioned above, spermatogenesis is the process by which sperm cell production occurs; the germ cells give rise to the haploid spermatozoa. Sperm production takes place inside the seminiferous tubules, which is a convoluted cluster of tubes located inside the testes. To gain further insights into TAp73-mediated regulation of spermatogenesis, we performed immunohistochemical analysis of TAp73 to detail its cellular localization within the testes. TAp73 is expressed in most testicular cells, with particularly high levels in the cytoplasm of spermatogonia and nuclei of spermatids, raising the possibility that During spermatogenesis, from the late spermatocyte stage to the mature spermatozoa, the mitochondria of the germ line cells change from a classic structure to a more condensed and a more active structure (Ramalho-Santos et al., 2009). During spermiogenesis, a large part of the cell cytoplasm (including mitochondria) is eliminated in the form of NBDSab.